A pothole appears without warning. Loose gravel scatters across your lane. A steel plate shifts under your front tire. Construction barrels narrow your path with no room to maneuver.
Road hazards that cars barely notice can be catastrophic for motorcycles. According to the NHTSA, road hazards contribute to nearly one-third of single-vehicle motorcycle crashes. What looks like a rider error or loss of control often traces back to a road condition that no reasonable rider could have avoided.
Charlotte’s rapid growth means constant construction. I-77 toll lanes, I-485 widening projects, Independence Boulevard improvements, and countless smaller road repairs create hazard zones throughout the region. Meanwhile, aging infrastructure leaves potholes and pavement failures on secondary roads that don’t receive the same maintenance attention.
Types of Road Hazards
Potholes. A pothole that would jar a car’s suspension can swallow a motorcycle’s front wheel entirely. At speed, hitting a deep pothole often means immediate loss of control. Riders who see the hazard and attempt to swerve may crash anyway—or may avoid the pothole only to enter oncoming traffic.
Loose gravel and debris. Motorcycles depend on tire traction far more than four-wheeled vehicles. Gravel, sand, grass clippings, oil slicks, and fallen cargo reduce traction instantly. Riders encounter these hazards with no warning and no time to react. A 2018 study found that potholes can increase motorcycle accident risk by up to 40% at higher speeds.
Uneven pavement. Road surfaces at different heights—edge breaks between lanes, utility cuts that weren’t properly leveled, transitions between old and new pavement—destabilize motorcycles. The bike’s suspension can’t absorb the sudden change the way a car’s independent suspension can.
Construction zone hazards. Work zones present multiple dangers: narrowed lanes, shifted traffic patterns, temporary surfaces, steel plates over excavations, loose materials, and inadequate signage. Work zone crashes claimed 898 lives nationwide in 2023, with fatalities up 53% since 2010.
Railroad crossings. Tracks crossing the road at angles can catch motorcycle tires, especially when wet. Riders who don’t cross perpendicularly risk having their wheels slide along the rail.
Who Bears Responsibility
Unlike crashes with other vehicles, road hazard accidents often involve government liability. The entity responsible for maintaining the road—NCDOT for state highways, Mecklenburg County for county roads, the City of Charlotte for city streets—may be liable if they knew or should have known about the hazard and failed to address it.
Proving government liability requires showing:
Notice of the hazard. The government must have had actual knowledge of the dangerous condition or the condition must have existed long enough that they should have discovered it through reasonable inspection. A pothole that developed overnight is harder to pin on the government than one that’s been growing for months.
Failure to act. Once aware of a hazard, the government must take reasonable steps to repair it or warn motorists. This doesn’t mean instant repair—governments get reasonable time to address problems. But chronic hazards that go unfixed for extended periods support liability claims.
Causation. The hazard must have actually caused your crash. If you hit a pothole but crashed because you were speeding or impaired, the hazard may not be the legal cause of your injuries.
Construction zone claims may involve private contractors rather than government entities. The company performing the road work has a duty to maintain safe conditions through the work zone, including proper signage, appropriate traffic control, and securing loose materials. When a construction company’s negligence causes a crash, they can be held liable directly.
Government Immunity Challenges
North Carolina law provides some protection to government entities through sovereign immunity doctrines. However, the state has waived immunity for certain negligent acts, including highway maintenance failures, up to specified limits.
Claims against government entities also have shorter notice deadlines. You typically must provide written notice of your claim within a limited timeframe—often much shorter than the three-year statute of limitations for regular personal injury claims. Missing these deadlines can bar your claim entirely regardless of how clear the government’s negligence was.
This makes prompt legal consultation essential after any road hazard crash. The deadlines and procedures for government claims differ significantly from ordinary accident cases.
Evidence in Road Hazard Cases
Documenting the hazard itself is critical. If you’re able after the crash, photograph the pothole, debris, uneven pavement, or construction zone condition that caused it. Measure the hazard if possible—the depth of a pothole, the height difference in pavement levels.
Note the exact location. GPS coordinates from your phone help. So does identifying nearby addresses, mile markers, or cross streets.
Look for prior complaints. Other motorists may have reported the same hazard. NCDOT and local governments maintain records of citizen complaints and maintenance requests. These records can establish that the government knew about the condition before your crash.
Weather and lighting matter too. A hazard that’s invisible at night or hidden by standing water may support claims that warning signs were inadequate.
Preserve your motorcycle. Damage patterns—a bent rim, a punctured tire, scrapes consistent with gravel contact—provide evidence of what happened. Don’t repair or dispose of the bike until your attorney has documented its condition.
Construction Zone Specifics
Construction zones require particular analysis. Was signage adequate and properly placed? Were lane shifts clearly marked? Did the contractor secure the work area appropriately? Were speed limits posted and reasonable for the conditions?
The Federal Highway Administration sets standards for work zone traffic control. Contractors who fail to follow these standards—or who create hazards through their work activities—can be held accountable when crashes result.
Visit The Layton Law Firm of Charlotte, NC – Your Motorcycle Accident Lawyers
1001 East Blvd, First Floor Charlotte, NC 28203
Our Charlotte motorcycle accident attorneys investigate road hazard and construction zone crashes thoroughly. We work with accident reconstruction experts, obtain government maintenance records, and identify every potentially responsible party. When a preventable road condition caused your crash, we pursue full compensation from whoever allowed that condition to exist.

Christopher D. Layton, Esq. is the founder and lead attorney of The Layton Law Firm. He has been practicing law in Charlotte since 2000 and currently focuses on the plaintiff’s needs and personal injury clients. Chris chose to become a lawyer to protect people who would be taken advantage of without strong legal advocacy, and this dedication to the needs of his clients shows in the firm’s strong record of successful results. He founded The Layton Law Firm in 2011.